1. Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no gushonga Aluminium: Kuva mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye
Umusaruro wa aluminium utangirana no gucukura amabuye yambere, bauxite. Bauxite, yuzuye kwisi yose, ikora inzira igoye yo kuvoma imiti kugirango itange alumina, hanyuma igashonga kugirango ikore ibyuma bya aluminium binyuze mukugabanya amashanyarazi. Ubu buryo bukoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi butanga imyuka ihumanya ikirere, bigatuma umusaruro wa aluminiyumu usaba mubijyanye n’ibidukikije n’ingufu.
Mu bakora aluminium ku isi,Rio Tintona Alcoa biragaragara. Rio Tinto, ifite icyicaro mu Bwongereza na Ositaraliya, ni imwe mu masosiyete akomeye acukura amabuye y'agaciro ku isi kandi akaba intangarugero mu gukora aluminiyumu nkeya. Alcoa, ifite icyicaro muri Amerika, yabaye umuyobozi mu guhanga udushya twa aluminium no mu buryo burambye, akenshi ikoresha ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu bikorwa byayo. Ibigo byombi bifite uruhare runini mugutanga isoko rya aluminiyumu nziza cyane, ifasha inganda nko gukora aluminium.
Kwiyongera, abakora aluminiyumu bibanda kumusaruro wa aluminiyumu ukoresheje ingufu zishobora kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya. Aluminium nayo irashobora gukoreshwa cyane, hamwe na aluminiyumu ikoreshwa hifashishijwe ingufu za 5% gusa zikenewe mu musaruro wibanze. Iyi nzira iganisha kuri aluminiyumu itunganijwe igenda yiyongera mu nganda, byerekana iterambere ryiza kubakoresha ibidukikije.
2. Gutunganya Aluminium: Gushiraho Imiterere yihariye ya Aluminium
Ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bimaze gukorwa, byoherejwe mubikoresho byo gutunganya kugirango bikorwe, bisohoke, nibindi bikorwa byo kuvura, kubihindura mumpapuro, ibishishwa, cyangwa imyirondoro yubunini butandukanye nibisobanuro. Imikoreshereze itandukanye yimyenda ya aluminiyumu isaba ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho bya aluminiyumu: imanza zoroheje zishobora gushyira imbere kugenzura ibiro, mugihe uburinzi bushobora gukoresha aluminiyumu nini kugirango yongerwe igihe kirekire.
Bimwe mubikorwa byo hejuru bya aluminiyumu ku isi birimoHydro, Chalco, naIbishya. Hydro, isosiyete yo muri Noruveje, yubahwa cyane kubera ko yiyemeje gukemura ibisubizo birambye bya aluminiyumu kandi yibanda ku gukora aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Chalco (Ubushinwa Aluminium Corporation) n’umusaruro ukomeye w’Abashinwa uzwiho ibikorwa bya aluminiyumu yagutse, harimo ubucukuzi, gutunganya, no gutunganya. Novelis, umuyobozi ukomoka muri Amerika mu bicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu yazengurutse, yibanda cyane ku gutunganya ibicuruzwa, kugira uruhare mu musaruro urambye w’ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ku nganda nk’imodoka, ibipfunyika, hamwe n’ibikorwa byihariye, urugero nka aluminium.
Kuvura isura nabyo ni ngombwa muriki cyiciro. Anodizing aluminiyumu ntabwo itezimbere gusa kwangirika ahubwo inongera isura yayo, itanga amabara menshi nuburyo bwiza. Ibisobanuro birambuye bifite ingaruka zitaziguye kumiterere yanyuma nubuzima bwa dosiye ya aluminium.
3. Uburyo bwiza bwa Aluminium nigiciro bigira ingaruka kubiciro byimanza
Nkabaguzi, gusobanukirwa umusaruro nogutunganya aluminiyumu bidufasha gushimira neza imiterere yikiguzi cyimanza za aluminiyumu, kandi ikanadufasha guhitamo byinshi neza mugihe ugura. Kurugero, guhitamo ibirango bikoresha aluminiyumu yemewe cyangwa ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge ntibitanga gusa ibicuruzwa byiza ahubwo binashyigikira umusaruro wangiza ibidukikije.
Mubiciro byimiterere yimyenda ya aluminium, ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu byerekana igice kinini. Imihindagurikire y’ibiciro bya aluminiyumu igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye igiciro cy’isoko rya aluminium. Kurugero, ibiciro bya aluminiyumu ku isi birashobora kuzamuka cyane bitewe nimpinduka zisabwa cyangwa ihinduka ryibiciro byingufu, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka cyane cyane kubakora inganda zishingiye kuri aluminiyumu nziza. Ihindagurika ryibiciro amaherezo bigira ingaruka kubaguzi.
4. Ibihe bizaza: Icyatsi, Umucyo
Nkabaguzi, gusobanukirwa umusaruro nogutunganya aluminiyumu bidufasha gushimira neza imiterere yikiguzi cyimanza za aluminiyumu, kandi ikanadufasha guhitamo byinshi neza mugihe ugura. Kurugero, guhitamo ibirango bikoresha aluminiyumu yemewe cyangwa ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge ntibitanga gusa ibicuruzwa byiza ahubwo binashyigikira umusaruro wangiza ibidukikije.
Mubiciro byimiterere yimyenda ya aluminium, ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu byerekana igice kinini. Imihindagurikire y’ibiciro bya aluminiyumu igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye igiciro cy’isoko rya aluminium. Kurugero, ibiciro bya aluminiyumu ku isi birashobora kuzamuka cyane bitewe nimpinduka zisabwa cyangwa ihinduka ryibiciro byingufu, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka cyane cyane kubakora inganda zishingiye kuri aluminiyumu nziza. Ihindagurika ryibiciro amaherezo bigira ingaruka kubaguzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-08-2024
